Thanks to favorable natural conditions, Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam to become an important traffic hub of Vietnam and Southeast Asia. Unlike Hanoi, waterway transport in Ho Chi Minh City accounted for a significant proportion. Freight alone, accounting for about 29% by sea and river approximately 20% of the focal volume through the city. Road transport accounts for 44% in goods accounted for 85.6% but passenger transportation [53]. Regarding air traffic, airport Tan Son Nhat International Airport is Vietnam's largest in both area and power station [54]. In 2006, the city transportation transporting a total of 73,743 tons of cargo, 239 million passengers and 44,341 tons of cargo loading and unloading [55]. The whole city now has about 340,000 cars and 3.5 million motorcycles, almost double compared to Hanoi [56].
Railway traffic of the city, including endocrine cells and the surrounding areas - by Enterprise Railway Union 3 Management, North - South and a few dedicated road, now almost stopped mining. The city has two main railway stations: Tsunami and Saigon. Besides, there are some small railway stations as Di An, Thu Duc, Binh Trieu, Go Vap. As the railway network is not connected directly to the port facilities were so old railway traffic in Ho Chi Minh City does not develop, only about 6% of the volume of goods and 0.6% by weight of Guest [53].
Road traffic, the city has six inter-provincial bus station are located at the gateway to: Eastern, Van Thanh, Western, Cholon, Tan Binh - Tay Ninh, Player Review. Network capable of receiving over 1,200 vehicles / day, transporting nearly 41,000 passengers / day to the provinces of South Central Highlands, Southeast, Mekong River Delta. According to data from 1994, total passenger traffic through the city intercity about 106.4 million / year, most through the National Highway 1A [53].
The area of Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam has four major ports: Saigon, Ben Nghe, Nha Be, Tan Binh Port along the East River Port, Tan Thuan, Ton Theory, Binh Loi and Binh Phuoc ... There is also a wharf about 50 passengers in transportation. Saigon Port is one of Vietnam's largest port, accounting for 25% of the total volume of goods through ports in the country. Ben Nghe Port is located downstream of the Saigon River, 32 ha wide, total length of 528 m wharf, the vessel can load between 15,000 to 20,000 ton. The capacity of the port of Ho Chi Minh City great, but the transition between road, sea and river difficulty. In most river ports, due to lack of equipment, must still manually unloaded [53].
Traffic within the cell, due to rapid population growth, weak planning, small roads ... that cities are facing congestion problems. The city has 239 bridges but much smaller width than the width of the road so difficult for these vehicles. Moreover, part of the low tonnage bridges or in a state of deterioration. In suburban districts, the road system is largely rocky road. Meanwhile, the system remains well paved roads become overloaded, requiring repair. [53] To solve the problem of urban traffic, Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam is investing in public transport systems. Currently the city has 3,250 buses and 8,000 taxis each year only about 6.2% to meet travel demand. The bus system is not highly effective, 65% line overlap [57]. Along the bus network, metro projects in Ho Chi Minh City is also underway. As expected, the city will have four routes, total length 54 km, 6 and 22 rail stations. End of 2010, the first two routes will go into operation [58].
Planning and Urban Structures
According to the original urban design of the French in 1860, Saigon is the habitat for a population of 500,000. Republic of Vietnam government has increased the size of the city up to 3 million people. But now the city has a population including the number of visitors is 10 million, the urban fabric overloaded [59]. Saigon was a city of trees with architectural space under previous French planning has changed dramatically with the shrinking green space to build homes, city of architectural space becomes more crowded with construction chaotic lack of consistency [60]. Planning work has many shortcomings and weaknesses. By early 2008 only 23% of volume planning 1 / 2000 is done. Planning for the underground system has not been done [61]. Construction and planning and construction of new urban thinking is still heavily subsidized period. In 10 years, a new urban area to the large footprint in the process of city development is the new urban area Phu My Hung by foreign investment in the construction, not the district administrations Local established [62].
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